Saturday, November 30, 2013
The Limits of Language and the Power of Music
Thursday, November 28, 2013
The Primacy of Ends - What Thanksgiving Can Teach Us About Life
We're taught that this is a day where Native Americans and Pilgrims joined together for a grand feast, celebrating the act of giving, and being thankful for all around us that helps satiate our hunger, soul, and other much needed facets of human existence. Today is a day where we sit down and jump out of the rat race we all participate in and focus on what really matters. Today is a day where we try to remember why we do the things we do; why we love who we love, why we have the career we have, and why we are the way we are. Today is the day where we remember all those who help complete us, who give us our identity and understanding of the world just as we give it to them.
I suppose this rant all relates back to an article I was reading the other day. It was a rather esoteric academic work on decision-making models and how normative and affective factors influence one's decisions. Now, to bring this to laymen terms, this essentially means how our values, emotions, and other ethical/human related concepts influence our behavior. In it, the author, Amitai Etzioni, states these factors will always influence our behavior, but whether this is a good or bad thing depends on the situation. Still, he also argues our values all the one thing that will consistently ensure we have what he calls, " a primacy of ends."
What he states here is that our values are the things that keep our heads on straight and remind us what's important. Of course this is obvious, but I'm not quite sure if everyone tends to look at things like this all the time. I think it's really easy to get lost in the sea of confusion. There's a specific story line in my head that I think we've all heard, seen, or read about at some point in time. The man who jumps into that certain career in order to develop a stable and strong environment for which to raise a family, and then it is the demands of that career itself that help deteriorate the very thing of which he wanted in the first place. In essence, the means themselves gained primacy as the end goal got lost at sea.
I wonder to what extent do we put these pressures on us? The society we have created is without a doubt a highly-advanced one that has produced so many benefits to the general welfare of mankind it's almost impossible to keep track of them. Yet I think sometimes our cause for action or our reason for continuing this social structure is slightly distorted. Perhaps we lose sight of the values we had as a kid. The very things that brought smiles to our young faces and warmed our hearts might have faded away. Why? Well, sometimes we lose faith just because of a few lost battles or we've spent one too many times listening to the words of another whose faith has been lost. But to be fair, all words have their own dose of wisdom, just be sure to find what that lesson actually is rather than blindly accept all words as true. Still, this isn't a good enough cause for throwing away everything.
I think we need to remember our values. This has nothing to do with religion, although in reality religious structures have always been some of the biggest proponents of value systems. This has to do with an appreciation of humanity, the thought of being thankful for what we do and do not know. The idea that out of all of the millions and billions of particles in the world, somehow at sometime, they all collided at just the right moment, and here we are today, spending our time traveling to and fro the houses of family and friends. Experiencing the wonderfully mysterious pleasures of everything; warmth, laughter, food, and love.
Sure Thanksgiving only comes once a year, but maybe it's about time we start making the extra effort to carry its lesson throughout every day. I know it's hard, being human is perhaps one of the most wonderfully brilliant and simultaneously miserable things we may ever know. Yet we should appreciate it all, for without it, we wouldn't know what really matters.
Monday, June 10, 2013
The Nirvana Fallcy, Humans, and Doctor Who
As an economist, Demsetz was particularly interested in the issues of private market failure and the generally all-around accepted panacea, government intervention. Essentially private markets are subjected to the various whims, desires, incalculable variables, and counter-competitive incentives that all actors within the market face. Moreover, since humans are thus in part self-interested beings on top of being fallible, market failure should not be a surprising occurrence. Now the solution to this problem, which is still largely advocated today both within the realm of policy debate and within the very classrooms across the country, is that government intervention is now justifiable in order to bring a balance back to the realm of markets. The idea is that since the government now plays a large part in either facilitating or allowing the welfare of a nation state to occur (depending on your political views), employees of the public sector would have the best interest in instilling efficient policy that corrects any mistakes the private market makes. This all seems somewhat reasonable, but as the title of this post suggests, it also appears to be somewhat idealistic.
As I mentioned at the beginning, it's important to take note of the human element of any complex problem. Now it's easy to notice when examining the argument for why private markets fail, the human element has been factored in. Since it applies across the board to any issue where humans have a role though, it is only logical to apply it to the public sector as well. So let's further break down the intricacies of the public sector and the various individuals who make it up in order to get a better understanding of what we're dealing with.
The public sector is comprised of politicians, people who play a direct role in creating public policy. Bureaucrats, employees of government agencies that are in charge of implementing programs that exist as a result of public policy. There are the voters who are responsible for selecting whatever politician they feel best represents their political interests. And finally there are special interest groups; conglomerates of voting weight that are particularly concerned about one or a few more related social issues. While this is a rather simplistic model, I feel it best represents the structure of the public sector in both a palatable and efficient manner.
First let's focus on politicians. I'm sure we all have our own views about these individuals, but the fact is these are people who are interested in creating policy that impacts our lives, for the better (we hope). But if we calculate the fact that politicians are humans, and humans have a self-interest in maintaining whatever position they hold, it is logical to say they will employ whatever means possible to maintain or increase their gains. Therefore politicians are dependent upon gaining votes in order to ensure re-election.
Next we have Bureaucrats. They on the other hand run small, medium or large government agencies that implement programs, all of which require a budget. Therefore everywhere across the nation where budgeting occurs, bureaucrats submit what they need (or simply want) in order to finance their operations. Again, since bureaucrats are human, they will thus act within a competitive state and advocate their needs over another, even if their needs are over-dramatized, or unessential to the overall process of efficiently running their organization or policy programs. Sadly, something that also occurs is that bureaucrats are encouraged to spend their entire budget rather than examine ways of saving or using money prudently, because if politicians (those who okay the budget) see money was left over, they will allocate less the following year. Therefore bureaucrats are at risk of seeing their operations experience a state of atrophy. So in order to protect themselves and those who work with or underneath themselves, they must spend, spend, spend, even when it may not be necessary.
After this we have the voters, regular old citizens who may or may not work for either the private or public sector. Their interests vary but they all have a reason for ensuring the welfare of themselves and those they care about. Therefore they vote to ensure whatever political ideals they want get put into action. But the human element here is something political scientists have dubbed, "rational ignorance." What this means is that the average citizen's daily life is already so congested with activities thanks to career and social obligations that they rationally choose to ignore the issues going on in the political world. Let's say Joe Smith comes home after working 8 hours (8 am - 4 pm) at the office downtown. Not only did he have to drive into the city and wait in rush hour traffic for about an hour or more depending on construction, but he also had to experience that same mundane process on his way back from work. He's tired from the various emails, meetings, and phone calls he dealt with throughout the day, and moreover his wife Susie just called and said they were out of milk and eggs and he had to pick up their 10 year old son Johnny from soccer practice. This is his typical Tuesday, and the week doesn't get much better until the weekend itself comes. Now what self-respecting human being wants to spend his Friday, Saturday, and Sunday researching policy issues that will help him make an educated vote for the greater good come Election Day? If you say yourself in response to this, you either A) have a career within the public sector or within some academic institution, and you are either single or the family's out of town or B) you have an unusual hobby that while I encourage, also warn against for it is not very rewarding in the long run (it is grueling, defeating, and tedious, but keep up the good fight). So then Johnny chooses to plug in and get his info from some talk radio source he hears on the way home from work, or tune in to his preferred news channel for a bit after dinner right before the "big game" comes on. One thing we must take note of here is that those mediums also operate by pecuniary means, and thus by their very nature will appeal to whatever niche or mass market they are targeting. This only pinholes and narrows down public opinion even more, but that is perhaps one of the drawbacks of living within a mass-society.
Finally we have special interest groups. If you answered yes in the previous paragraph to the question pertaining to wasting your weekend away studying policy history, than this might be the career path for you! Essentially these are non-profit organizations whose main purpose is to advocate a certain social issue. Whether its gun safety, cancer, or spreading awareness of the endangered Pacific Northwest Tree Octopus, they carry both the financial and voting weight to largely impact political elections. And since they are competing for what they believe is to be of value, other important issues society face may be overlooked or underplayed. So essentially what you have here is a competitive marketplace of people advocating ideas to thus generate some policy in order to further bring their ideas into fruition. And since the regular old voter tends to be stable in his or voting patterns, the politicians main focus tends to be the special interest groups. They have the power to ensure his job.
So, after that lengthy discussion regarding the inner-workings of the public sector, it is quite reasonable to assume that policy produced may not be done in an efficient manner. Moreover, the policy itself could potentially be protecting one special interest over another. So how does something such as the government, which in of itself can have just as many of the same issues as the private sector, supposed to assist in alleviating economic woes? All individuals across the world have their interests and they will utilize whatever means and channels possible to ensure they are protected. Now I do believe that a good majority of these people truly think that what they believe to be important is in fact important and that they are doing what they do with the best intentions. Still, this doesn't convince me that government intervention is the best method of fixing the private sector. Perhaps we should start reexamining the structure of our public system to ensure incentives correlate with the meta-picture rather than the various nested games competing amongst each other deep within.
In closing, the only thing this convinces me of is that humans are extremely complex, stubborn, confusing, creatures that sometimes make problems worse off than how they were in the beginning. Even with all of this though I will still borrow a quote from the good ole Doctor Who and say that the best part of this world and our existence is, "People. Ordinary, stupid, brilliant people."
Friday, June 7, 2013
Summer Update and Why Cloud Atlas Rocks
Monday, May 6, 2013
A Question Without an Answer
A few weeks ago in my Economics course, my professor proposed a simple question, " Is America the greatest country in the world?" This encouraged a few of the usually quiet, but apparently overly-patriotic students in the back to create a bit of a hoop-la. Roars of American exceptionalism were mixed together with the normal tone of red, white, and blue dissidents. On the former side of the argument you will hear that due to our cultural, political, and socio-economic histories, our nation has been somewhat of a "city upon hill," if you will. I use that metaphor for I feel it is a proper homage to one of our Puritan founders, John Winthrop's, original hopes for his future home of Massachusetts. Essentially this new land would be a beacon, a model for the rest of the world. And I profoundly believe that those philosophical roots have woven their way throughout the fabric of our American identity. Perhaps such an ideal in itself is necessary to drive a sovereign nation within our somewhat modern nationalistic organization of civilization, but either way, we as Americans have a sense of pride. Which we should. But I do think it is fair to state like all things, too much of something may not be good.
On the dissident side you tend to hear the common imperialistic argument. That is via warfare, economic influence, and other means our culture and beliefs have created a hegemonic like net over the rest of the Western world. Moreover, the issues we now face in areas such as the middle east are fundamentally based off of these cultural struggles. Some will point to our exceptionally large military, which is stationed all across the world, as evidence. Others will state that the tangible moralistic depravity has not only corrupted our society, breeding a hedonic, materialistic generation of wantons, but it has also spread throughout the very foundations of our society, as evident within political and private sector corruption. This is all a tad bit extreme. But like the other side's argument, there are some points to be made here as well. Americans do tend to place heavy value on consumption, which to be fair is something rooted within our very biological nature. As animals we need to consume in order to survive. There is no getting around it. Still, perhaps rather than focusing on the items that we value for conspicuous or ostentatious purposes, we should more or less value the vessels throughout which the consumption is experienced; ourselves.
Do I believe America is the greatest country in the world? I don't think that is a fair question. Not because I value some other country out there or I am "anti-American." That is far from the truth, for I love everything about my basic identity, including the nation where I was born and currently reside in. But I don't find it to be a fair question because I don't think a question such as that is one with a straight answer. Sure, there are many historical instances or cases we could easily point at and say, "that is definitely not a time and place I would want to live in." Perhaps it was the Assyrian empire, or maybe for modern purposes it is North Korea. So yes we can easily falsify this statement, to speak in a scientific tongue, but it is not something we can state as empirically true. To do that we would need to create a list of criteria which based off the basic flaws of logic and reasoning, would be subjective and bias to our conditioned preferences of Western values.
Do I think America is the most powerful country in the world? Surely, without a doubt, when it comes in terms of military capabilities. But I don't think that is the purpose of a nation. To me you could have many great nations, but neither one would truly be above the other as long as they serve the basic purpose of those who reside within their geographic and political boundaries. As long as a nation seeks to assist and offer security of a social group, so that said social group can pursue economic and sociological ventures in order to achieve biological, psychological and internal forms of happiness and peace, while simultaneously offering a breeding ground to support and nourish said groups socio-economic cultural identity and history, then that nation is one that is moralistically sound and legitimate.
Now obviously things such as education, healthcare, economic opportunity, and general infrastructure of a sovereign nation are all factors that will contribute to the greater goal. And yes these are aspects that we as Americans do in fact have. Yet if you look at some of our rankings, such as our overall performance in terms of education, there are obviously rooms for improvement. So I suppose the purpose of this little piece is merely to encourage a tad bit of humbleness. Perhaps you could say I am merely arguing the virtue of humility, American humility. For while we have obviously had a great wealth of resources and opportunities in the past, this is not all due to our will and ability alone. A lot of this merely comes down to the winds of fortune, and sometimes the winds change directions. Let's make sure we have our sails in the right position.
Sunday, December 2, 2012
Bad Rhetoric
But I myself have a problem with rhetorical tools such as this, and it has nothing to do with personal or political sentiments towards the 2nd Amendment of the United States Constitution under the Bill of Rights. Rather, my qualms with this statement stem from the lack of logical analysis regarding the comparison he makes of the items involved. Lets break this down.
Chuck Woolery states that blaming assault weapons for killing someone is the same as blaming airplanes for the atrocious events of September 11th, 2001. Essentially, he is stating that just because an assault rifle was involved with the act of murdering someone, you can not blame the rifle itself, but rather the person who holds the rifle. He then compares this to airplanes, since the airplane itself was merely the tool used to commit the egregious tragedy of 9/11. Again, this makes some sense. But there are some issues we must discuss.
First, we must get down to the identity of both of these tools, airplanes and assault rifles, and we must reach a conclusion regarding their purpose. Basically, what utility were they intended for in our modern society.
Let's begin with airplanes. Specifically, let's discuss those he refers too, commercial airliners. These vehicles serve many roles. The most prominent is a means for transportation. They act as a way from people to get to point A and point B, either for personal or business related reasons. In a large market economy, fast modes of transportation such as airplanes and other ground based motor vehicles are necessities for supporting the economy's fundamental need for mobility, whether it is social or economic. They also serve as logistic tools for large industry. By transporting goods across the globe, they are a major part of any supply train.
Now let's discuss assault rifles. What utility where they intended for? In essence, they serve as an advanced technological means of self-defense, or, at times of conflict, weapon in order to complete whatever strategic mission may be at hand.
But assault rifles do have an economic role. Since industries provide such tools, people or organizations consume these goods for either one of their intended purposes. Moreover, they also serve a role for sporting. Many individuals travel back and forth to firing ranges using multiple different firearms simply to practice and improve their skills. Also, hunting is still a large activity in many states such as my own of Pennsylvania. All of these actions have economic impacts.
Now that we defined the original utility of these two items it becomes very clear that it is fallible to make such a comparison as the photo above states. Both situations and items are different. One must be wary of reading such rhetoric and consuming it for the intended political purpose no matter if it serves your cause or not. In this case the rhetoric ends up being a failed attempt at blurring the two situations with faulty semantic analysis.
When I originally posted a more succinct statement like this on one of the libertarian organizations Facebook pages, many were quick to attack me and merely focus on the economic benefits of such rifles. While I completely agree their statements are valid, they still ignored the intended point which I stated above. More so, economic arguments can only go so far in my opinion. You could virtually justify the legality of anything and everything when viewing things through an economic paradigm. I'm sure there are many things people would cringe at with the thought of it being legal, but would truthfully have an economic impact. Therefore, any issue impacting the greater society should come down to a much broader analysis which includes discourse regarding the social and ethical implications of said matter, not just an economic viewpoint.
Personally, I respect the 2nd amendment. I believe it is not only a Constitutional right, but a natural necessity in human civilization. While we have become extremely advanced sentient creatures, sociological and psychological factors produce situations where one may need to protect themselves or their family. While it is easy to state one can do this without an assault rifle, it all depends on what the aggressor in the situation has as well. If such advanced weapons such as firearms are banned, it is reasonable to assume that the aggressor may have better access to these tools than the innocent law abiding citizen who may be placed in such a situation. Therefore we must have a fair and open market to prevent any unsafe disadvantages, since these events are usually fueled by criminal activities and criminals have an easier way of accessing black markets where outlawed or illegal items could be obtained.
But I do believe there are many steps any society should take to ensure such powerful weapons don't fall in the hands of unstable individuals. Thorough and fair background checks must exist for these reasons. Furthermore, we must also ask ourselves what we want our economy to consist of. As the saying goes, it is either ,"guns or butter." But lets save that topic and the underlying issues I have with the military industrial complex and the economic distortions and inefficiencies associated with it for another day!
I hope you enjoyed reading this!
Best wishes,
Mark
Tuesday, November 20, 2012
6 Simple Rules
1. There are very few things you can be certain of in life. Understand and accept this, make this the lens for which you view the world through.
2. As life goes by, we sometimes find ourselves in rather ill-tempered moods which may lead to us taking it out on those we care about, or perhaps that guy who sits in the cubicle next to you. Rather than blaming and lashing out on others, look deep within yourself and you may find out that what truly ills you is something of your own bidding or fictitious imagination.
3. Forgive, learn to forgive others and learn to forgive yourself, but don't do it simply to gain back something you lost. If a branch breaks in a storm, you can not have the same one back. You can only learn from what happened and eventually grow a new one.
4. Don't live everyday like it's your last, but rather, live everyday like you want to make the world a better place for all. Spread laughter and smiles, show compassion and understanding, work hard, and be sure to give opportunities to those who are willing to work hard for them.
5. In some way shape or form give someone else all of your love and accept theirs back. Treat it well, for it may be the most precious gift within existence.
6. Finally, to steal a quote from someone you may have heard of, " Life is what happens while you're busy making other plans," - John Lennon. Whether or not your childhood dreams come true, if things happen for a reason, or we simply make reason out of things that happen, the only thing that truly matters is that you make sure to take the time and enjoy the beautiful aspects of life itself.
Be true to yourself, follow the above steps, and things should fall into place.
It's been a while since I posted something last, but I hope you all enjoy this and have a wonderful Thanksgiving holiday.
Best,
Mark
